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Follow this comprehensive guide to ensure you get it right! Whether you're a forward-thinking individual or suddenly faced with a pressing tuition payment, conducting diligent research to find the most suitable student loan can help you effectively cover the expenses associated with your college education.
Individualized College Funding Solutions
Private student loans generally offer more extensive borrowing opportunities than federal loans, with a wide range of interest rates, fees, and borrower terms available. These loans can be either variable-rate, reflecting market conditions, or fixed-rate. Repayment options vary, as some lenders require in-school payments, while others offer deferred payment plans or grace periods that extend beyond graduation. Typically, students are the primary borrowers, but securing loan approval may necessitate a credit-worthy co-signer, such as a relative or friend.
To qualify for private loans, an established and satisfactory credit score is often required. Since most high school graduates have yet to build credit, a co-signer becomes essential. The co-signer, possessing a solid credit standing, assumes the role of your guarantor and financial liability throughout the loan's duration. Typically, better credit scores, whether yours or your co-signer's, result in more favorable terms for private student loans.
The application process for private loans differs among lenders. Many lenders offer the option to complete the application electronically on their website. To apply, you will generally be required to provide personal information including your name, date of birth, school details, Social Security number, and income or tax information. Credit checks are typically conducted by private lenders to assess your eligibility. Since private lenders do not disclose interest rates prior to application, it is advisable to apply to multiple lenders to evaluate and determine the most favorable terms available.
After receiving approval, the lender will send you a letter detailing the loan's terms and conditions. The loan funds will be released once you accept these terms and sign a promissory note. This note is a legally binding contract that outlines your rights and obligations as a borrower, including the repayment of the loan and any interest incurred. Ensure that you retain a copy of the signed promissory note for your records.
As a rule, loans are disbursed directly to the school, primarily to cover education-related expenses such as tuition and fees. If there is any remaining balance, it will be disbursed to you to address any other outstanding educational expenses. After taking care of tuition and school fees, a private student loan can be used to pay for different educational necessities, depending on the terms and conditions set by your lender.
- Room and board
- Books
- Computer equipment
- School supplies
- Dependent child care
- Transportation
The loan amount for private student loans is typically based on the total cost of attending a school, which includes various expenses. It is advisable to borrow only what is needed, even if a higher amount is offered, as falling into excessive debt can occur quickly and extricating oneself from it can be difficult.
Digging Deeper into Federal Loans
With typically fixed interest rates and favorable terms, federal loans are commonly sought after by students, and in some scenarios, they can be subsidized, eliminating interest charges while enrolled or for a specific duration after graduation. Filling out the FAFSA is a prerequisite to avail federal loan opportunities.
The most commonly utilized federal loans are Direct Loans, with undergraduate students potentially qualifying for subsidized Direct Loans based on financial need and academic performance. Unsubsidized Direct Loans are accessible to both undergraduate and graduate students, irrespective of financial need. The amount of Direct Loan funds available for borrowing depends on the student's academic year and their aggregate borrowing of federal loan funds.
Perkins Loans present a subsidized and low-interest option for students with exceptional financial need to finance their college expenses. It's important to understand that these loans are highly restricted, accounting for approximately 2% of all federal aid disbursed.
With Parent PLUS Loans, parents of undergraduate students can secure federal loan funds at a fixed interest rate, along with borrowing limits that are comparatively higher.
GradPLUS Loans, designed for graduate or professional program students, offer a fixed interest rate and substantial borrowing limits, commonly utilized once Direct Loans have been maximized.